It starts with the battery in the car that is connected to the motor. The coils within the stator made from the conducting wire are arranged on opposite sides of the stator core and act as magnets, in a way.
Therefore, when the electrical energy from the car battery is supplied to the motor, the coils create rotating, magnetic fields that pull the conducting rods on the outside of the rotor along behind it.
The spinning rotor is what creates the mechanical energy needed to turn the gears of the car, which, in turn, rotate the tires. Now in a typical car, i. The battery powers the engine, which powers the gears and wheels. The rotation of the wheels is what then powers the alternator in the car and the alternator recharges the battery.
This is why you are told to drive your car around for a period after being jumped: the battery needs to be recharged in order to function appropriately. There is no alternator in an electric car. So, how does the battery recharge then?
While there is no separate alternator, the motor in an electric car acts as both motor and alternator. This is due to the alternating nature of the AC signal that allows the voltage to be easily stepped up or stepped down to different values. As referenced above, the battery starts the motor, which supplies energy to the gears, which rotates the tires. This process happens when your foot is on the accelerator — the rotor is pulled along by the rotating magnetic field, requiring more torque.
But what happens when you let off of the accelerator? When your foot comes off the accelerator the rotating magnetic field stops and the rotor starts spinning faster as opposed to being pulled along by the magnetic field.
When the rotor spins faster than the rotating magnetic field in the stator, this action recharges the battery, acting as an alternator. The conceptual differences behind these two types of currents should be obvious; while one current DC is consistent the other AC is more intermittent. The continuous current refers to a constant and unidirectional electric flow.
Furthermore, the voltage keeps the polarity in time. On batteries, in fact, it is clearly marked which the positive and negative poles is. The invention of dry cell batteries and flowing electricity quickly replaced the electrostatic motor as an option for consumers. The development of computer circuitry, however, has revitalized the use of this type of motor. These electronic boards are very sensitive to spikes in power.
The electrostatic motor creates a steady, low level of energy that presents no risk to the circuitry. People who work in electronics or electrical engineering typically are very familiar with the electrostatic motor, and they often have built this motor as a science project and can see how the concepts can be applied to other projects or challenges. For example, electrostatic painting uses a very similar concept, because the surface is negatively charged, and the paint positively charged.
How Electric Motors Work. Electric motors are everywhere. Inside an Electric Motor " ". You might be surprised to find out just how much work is done by electric motors. You flip the magnetic field by changing the direction of the electrons. How a DC Motor Works " ". There are two magnets in the motor here: The rotor in green is an electromagnet, while the field magnet is a permanent magnet. Toy Motor " ". From the outside you can see the steel can that forms the body of the motor, an axle, a nylon end cap and two battery leads.
Rotor, Commutator and Brushes " ". Putting It All Together When you put all of these parts together, what you have is a complete electric motor.
It causes the motor to have better dynamics. In a two-pole motor, if the electromagnet is at the balance point, perfectly horizontal between the two poles of the stator when the motor starts, you can imagine the rotor getting "stuck" there. That never happens in a three-pole motor. Each time the commutator hits the point where it flips the field in a two-pole motor, the commutator shorts out the battery for a moment. This shorting wastes energy and drains the battery needlessly.
A three-pole motor solves this problem as well. The parts inside an AC motor are: Advertisement. Stator Rotor Solid axle Coils Squirrel cage. An industrial type of AC motor with the electrical terminal box at the top, the output rotating shaft on the left, and the squirrel cage covering it.
AC Rotor and Stator The key to an AC induction motor, where the field of the rotor is induced by the field of the stator, is that the rotor is always trying to catch up. Motors Everywhere!
Starting in the kitchen, there are motors in: The fan over the stove and in the microwave oven The blender The refrigerator - Two or three in fact: one for the compressor, one for the fan inside the refrigerator, as well as one in the icemaker The stand mixer.
The washer The dryer The electric screwdriver The vacuum cleaner The electric drill The furnace blower. The fan The electric toothbrush The hair dryer The electric razor. Power windows Power seats Fans for the heater and the radiator Windshield wipers The starter motor An AC motor might power your car rather than a gasoline engine.
Computers Smartphones Toys The garage door opener Aquarium pumps. Now That's Powerful. A very small electric motor has two small permanent magnets, a commutator, two brushes, three poles, and an electromagnet made by winding wire around a piece of metal.
It works the same way a larger version does, but on a much smaller scale. What is a DC electric motor? A DC electric motor converts direct current electrical energy into mechanical energy unlike the AC version that uses alternating current. What are the parts of a simple motor? Some DC motors are also brushless and instead use a switch that changes the polarity of the magnetic field to keep the motor running.
Universal motors are induction motors that can use either source of power. Now that you have the basic parts and principles, you can play with the concept at home. Make a coil from lower gauge copper wire and poke each end through an aluminum can to suspend it.
Place a small, strong magnet on either side of the suspended coil to create a magnetic field. If you attach a battery to both cans using alligator clips, your coil will become an electromagnet and the copper wire rotor you created should start to spin. Based in Wenatchee, Wash. She has written peer-reviewed articles in the "Journal of Wildlife Management," policy documents,and educational materials. She was once charged by a grizzly bear while on the job.
How Does an Electric Motor Work?
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