After Cameroon became independent in , the country began to prosper and the government built schools, helped farmers diversify their crops, and encouraged new types of businesses. The global sale of products, such as cocoa, coffee, and oil, helped boost the economy.
This period of growth lasted for 20 years until corruption and the decline in the value of exports caused the economy to go into a recession. Now Cameroon relies on international aid organizations, as well as the sale of petroleum and cocoa to keep its economy stable. People with professional jobs usually grow and sell small amounts of crops. The economy depends a lot on the amount of money people can get from selling oil, tea, coffee, and cocoa.
Because oil reserves may run out in the future, Cameroon is working to come up with other ways to make money. Tribes lived in Cameroon's highlands more than 1, years ago and began spreading south as they cleared forests for new farms.
Cameroon's colonial name comes from the cameros, or prawns, that 15th-century explorers found in the Wouri River. Between and , Germany united the southern and northern areas into a colony. The smaller British area to the west was ruled more loosely from Nigeria. Independence was achieved in French Cameroon in In , voters in the southern portion of British Cameroon chose to join in a federation with the new republic; those in the north chose to unite with Nigeria.
Cameroon's former French and British areas kept separate educational, legal, civil service, and legislative structures until a referendum adopted a national, one-party system along French lines. The southern half of Cameroon was given to the British to administer which they did from Nigeria.
During British administration, a large number of Nigerians moved to Cameroon which significantly contributed to the end of forced labor within the nation.
The Cameroon-Nigerian border was a contentious issue for a couple of years with regions such as Bakassi and an area around Lake Chad being among the most hotly contested territories.
The boundary dispute between the two nations nearly resulted in a war in and further armed conflicts in the s. In , Cameroon lodged a case with the International Court of Justice which delivered a verdict in The court relied on a wide variety of historical documents some of which were more than years old such as treaties between the European powers and the local rulers as well as correspondence between England and Germany.
The territory of Bakassi was given to Cameroon which caused anger among the Nigerians. The border that separates the Central African Republic and Cameroon is approximately miles long. In , the boundary between the Central African Republic, then a colony of France, and Cameroon, then a German territory, was agreed upon by the colonial powers. The government of Cameroon is represented by an embassy located in Bangui as well as a consulate situated in Bouar. The relationship between the two countries is significantly affected by the conflict in the Central African Republic.
According to estimates Cameroon was home to nearly 50, refugees from the Central African Republic. The government of Cameroon, in , closed the nation's border with the Central African Republic to reduce the number of refugees fleeing to Cameroon. The border between Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea stretches for about miles and is Cameroon's shortest land border.
The Cameroonian government is represented by an embassy located in Malabo as well as a consulate situated in Bata. In , the border between the two states was closed because of an attempted coup against the president of Equatorial Guinea.
It is bordered by Guinea in the northeast, Liberia in the southeast, and the Atlantic Ocean in the southwest. Somalia officially the Somali Republic is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Djibouti to the northwest, Kenya on its southwest, the Gulf of Aden with Yemen on its north, the Indian Ocean at its east, and Ethiopia to the west. The Republic of South Africa is a country located at the southern tip of the continent of Africa.
The South African coast stretches 2, kilometres and borders both the Atlantic and Indian oceans. South Sudan is a country in eastern Africa. Sudan officially the Republic of Sudan is a country in northeastern Africa. The Kingdom of Swaziland is relatively small in area, similar in size to Kuwait.
Swaziland is a landlocked country, bordered by South Africa on three sides except to the east, where it borders Mozambique. To the east it borders the Indian Ocean. The country extends south to the Gulf of Guinea, on which the capital Lom is located. Tunisia, officially the Tunisian Republic, is a country located in North Africa.
It is bordered by Algeria to the west and Libya to the southeast. It is the northernmost country on the African continent, and the smallest of the nations situated along the Atlas mountain range. Around forty percent of the country is composed of the Sahara desert, with much of the remainder consisting of particularly fertile soil and a km coastline. The Republic of Uganda is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is bordered on the east by Kenya, on the north by Sudan, on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo, on the southwest by Rwanda, and on the south by Tanzania.
The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria, within which it shares borders with Kenya and Tanzania. The Republic of Zambia is a landlocked country in Southern Africa.
The neighbouring countries are the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi to the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana, and Namibia to the south, and Angola to the west. Zimbabwe officially the Republic of Zimbabwe is a landlocked country, located in the southern part of the continent of Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers.
It is bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the southwest, Zambia to the northwest, and Mozambique to the east. Sign up for our Newsletter. All rights reserved. Angola Angola officially the Republic of Angola is a country in south-central Africa bordering Namibia to the south, Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, and Zambia to the east, and with a west coast along the Atlantic Ocean. Burundi Burundi, officially the Republic of Burundi, is a small country in the Great Lakes region of Eastern Africa bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the south and east, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west.
Cameroon The Republic of Cameroon is a unitary republic of central and western Africa. Chad Chad officially known as the Republic of Chad is a landlocked country in central Africa.
Comoros The Comoros officially the Union of the Comoros is an island nation in the Indian Ocean, located off the eastern coast of Africa on the northern end of the Mozambique Channel between northern Madagascar and northeastern Mozambique. Lesotho Lesotho officially the Kingdom of Lesotho is a landlocked country and enclave entirely surrounded by the Republic of South Africa.
Madagascar Madagascar, originally Republic of Madagascar, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa. Malawi The Republic of Malawi is in southern Africa. Mauritania Mauritania, officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, is a country in northwest Africa.
Mauritius Mauritius officially the Republic of Mauritius is an island nation off the coast of the African continent in the southwest Indian Ocean, about kilometres east of Madagascar. Mozambique Mozambique, officially the Republic of Mozambique, is a country in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi and Zambia to the northwest, Zimbabwe to the west and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest. Namibia Namibia officially the Republic of Namibia is a country in southern Africa on the Atlantic coast.
Nigeria Nigeria officially named the Federal Republic of Nigeria is a federal constitutional republic comprising thirty-six states and one Federal Capital Territory. Seychelles Seychelles officially the Republic of Seychelles is an archipelago nation of islands in the Indian Ocean, some 1, kilometres east of mainland Africa, northeast of the island of Madagascar.
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